Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Procedure - Essay Example l phase of the logical strategy includes perception and since interest prompts new information, the technique for perception, which is straightforward, is considered as the procedure that characterizes the inquiry (OConnor and Faille 6). Perceptions are aimed at wonders that can't be clarified by just depending on the current information. Consequently, the perception procedure investigates marvels that can be clarified by clarified by information that has just been gathered however can likewise be clarified in an unexpected way. What follows then is looking to clarify the specific wonder and the reasons affecting its event. The progression that follows involves investigating the current information on the inquiry that has been framed from the perception. For instance, if an individual saw that their vehicle isn't beginning, the inquiry will at that point be the reason that vehicle isn't beginning. The information that might be controlled by the individual concerning vehicles will be utilized in attempting to make sense of what might be the issue. The individual may likewise investigate the manual or on the web for data that might be identified with the issue. On the off chance that a researcher was in a circumstance, for example, this, the person in question would search for more data from logical diaries that have recently distributed exploration that has been directed by different researchers. Exploration on existing information is completed since the inquiry that looks to be addressed may have been harped on previously, or data that is related with it might help with thinking of a speculation. Building up a speculation is the following piece of the strategy of utilizing logical strategies in taking care of issues. A theory can be clarified as a likely clarification for the marvel that was seen during perception. It is generally in excess of a basic conjecture since it is established of a far reaching survey of the present information related with the subject. A decent speculation hypothesizes a reason impact association, for example, the motivation behind why the vehicle won't start is on the grounds that

Cosmetics and Revlon

Presentation of the Company Revlon Inc. is a main beautifying agents organization offering restorative, healthy skin, scent, and individual consideration items. Revlon was shaped in 1932, and began with selling just nail polishes. Through the span of the previous 75 years, Revlon has become a main brand in the corrective market, perceived both in the United States and around the world. Revlon claims well known brands, for example, Revlon, Charle, Mitchum, and Almay. Revlon has as of late been battling with obligation, posting misfortunes for as far back as eight years. Statement of purpose AnalysisRevlon’s vision is to fabulousness, energy, and advancement through quality items at reasonable costs. The key target of Revlon is to offer top notch excellence items while holding the expenses down for the customers. I trust Revlon has been maintaining that vision; anyway they could be tailing it too intently. Revlon’s ongoing misfortunes and issues with obligation could be a scribed to their vision. While the response to illuminate their issues is dubious it is clear another procedure is expected to help Revlon recoup. Outside Analysis External| | Opportunities| Weight| Rating| Score| 1. Men are utilizing beautifying agents more| 0. 6| 1| 0. 06| 2. Debilitating of the US dollar making outside business sectors more appealing| 0. 15| 2| 0. 3| 3. Developing pattern of utilizing individual consideration products| 0. 1| 3| 0. 3| 4. The expansion in the small scale children of post war America (youthful teens)| 0. 1| 2| 0. 2| 5. Child of post war America females entering retirement| 0. 12| 3| 0. 36| | Threats| | 6. Worry for item wellbeing growing| 0. 05| 2| 0. 1| 7. Worries about condition and creature testing growing| 0. 07| 2| 0. 14| 8. Expanded gas costs extraordinarily decrease expendable income| 0. 15| 1| 0. 15| 9. Common style trends| 0. 05| 2| 0. 1| 10. Serious competition| 0. 15| 2| 0. 3| 1| | 2. 01| 1. There is a developing pattern of men utilizing restorative items. Product offerings promoted explicitly for men will be important to benefit in this market section. Men will be hesitant to utilize items made for ladies, so discrete product offerings are fundamental. 2. Debilitating of the US dollar makes any US based item all the more engaging in the remote markets. Not exclusively will individuals with different monetary forms favor the cash preferred position of purchasing Revlon, are immense developing markets developing in Latin America, Asia, and India. 3. There has been a general development in the utilization of corrective and individual consideration items worldwide.As nations become progressively grown, more individuals are procuring pay to spend on these items. Particularly in the United States, appearance is firmly esteemed and beauty care products have a huge impact. 4. Likewise with the expanding pattern in makeup, there has been a critical increment in the smaller than normal person born after WW2 advertise. Youthf ul adolescents are utilizing restorative, individual consideration items more, and that's only the tip of the iceberg. This market of high school ladies is immense, particularly in the United States. 5. The first gathering of people born after WW2 are starting to arrive at the time of retirement. Most have arrived at their pinnacle acquiring potential and now have a lot of expendable income.With mature age comes the requirement for beautifying agents to assist individuals with keeping up an energetic look. Resigned ladies of the time of increased birth rates period are a critical market fragment for Revlon. 6. There have been developing worries for item security. Most beautifying agents are applied to the face, and a few if not appropriately tried can have unfriendly reactions. The populace is turning out to be more wellbeing mindful, and is continually taking a gander at the wellbeing impacts of ordinary items. Most organizations currently publicize the utilization of regular fixin gs to market to wellbeing cognizant shoppers. 7. There is additionally developing worry for the earth and the utilization of creature testing.Animal testing had consistently been an issue for the corrective business; anyway it is getting progressively unmistakable lately. Much more is the developing worry for the earth. Purchasers are searching for items that are not destructive to the earth and are eco agreeable from the assembling procedure right to bundling and removal. 8. Increment in gas costs has harmed numerous enterprises no matter how you look at it. Gas is something that most of buyers need to purchase, and they are compelled to address whatever cost is inquired. The more shoppers need to spend on gas the less to need to spend on things that are not viewed as a necessity.Costly beautifying agents are likely one of the primary things to be overlooked when spending should be reduced. 9. There is a pattern of utilizing normal items from food to beautifying agents. There is a pattern of going for a totally regular look inside and out, which means no beautifying agents at all. Indeed, even characteristic beautifiers debilitate the utilization of other comparable or valuable items that would typically be utilized. 10. Rivalry is savage in this industry. Promoting, value wars, and item separation among the restorative business make it an incredibly serious industry. Each organization has various brands that are perceived globally.Breaking shopper brand dedication can be a hard errand to achieve. Revlon has a score of 2. 01 which is normal. Revlon has been inadequate in taking preferences of the various open doors that it has. Inability to take advantage of these lucky breaks will permit contenders to move in and gain the high ground. Revlon should exploit the developing outside business sectors, particularly considering the debilitating US dollar. As far as dangers, Revlon has been aloof in reacting to are getting ready against them. Revlon needs to ensure it advertises its items in a manner that is fitting for the changing perspective on the consumer.Product quality is getting less significant, as picture is turning out to be everything. Completive Analysis Competitive Analysis: Porter’s Five-Forces Model | Potential advancement of substitute products| | I| | Bargaining Power of Suppliers| - | Rivalry Among Competing Firms| - | Bargaining intensity of consumers| | I| | Potential Entry of new competitors| | Rivalry Among Competing Firms Rivalry is high in the corrective business. A couple of colossal restorative creators command the market. They all need to manage the decrease in discretionary cashflow because of rising gas prices.Companies battle with showcasing and cost decrease. Shoppers have numerous approaches to buy these items. While a lot of beauty care products are sold in drugstores and huge retailers, for example, Wal-Mart there is as yet a noteworthy deals done way to entryway. Rivalry is getting so solid that there has been a transition to build entryway to-entryway deals to assist take with promoting share from contenders. Capability of New Entrants The corrective business is a 200 billion dollar industry. Rivalry is now high, and the business all in all has been confronted with challenges in these monetary times.So the danger of new contestants is improbable. In any case, new participants to the business could be fruitful on the off chance that they can make a quality item at reasonable costs. While there is a lot of brand steadfastness, a buyer would effectively change to an increasingly reasonable quality item. Potential Development of Substitute Products As referenced before contention is serious in this market. While brand dependability exists, cost is turning into a significant factor. Overall the market for beautifying agents is extremely powerful. While cost is significant, quality is similarly as critical if not increasingly huge for certain shoppers. Organizations re confronted wit h the troublesome errand of adjusting the two. Purchasers will probably change to a less expensive item with quality despite the fact that they may have loyalties to a specific brand. Bartering Power of Suppliers Bargaining intensity of providers is low to direct. Rising ware costs influence all ventures. The crude materials utilized in beautifiers are utilized for the most part by restorative and individual consideration organizations. The corrective organizations do have some influence, and these organizations can minimize expenses to offer lower costs to purchasers. Haggling Power of Consumers The bartering intensity of buyers in this market is moderately high.Products are effectively substitutable and cost is presumably the most critical factor. Clients have the entirety of the purchasing power, and frequently lean towards the less expensive items in these hard financial occasions. Since buyer dealing power is high, organizations in the corrective business are compelled to drive their costs down to remain serious. While there are portions of the market that will pay a premium for a quality item, are greater part of buyers will picked with their wallets. Nonexclusive Forces | Approach| Focus| Cost Minimization| Product Differentiation| Broad| X| | Narrow| | |Revlon offers different product offerings centered at various sections of the market. The organization was established on giving moderate beauty care products. While numerous corrective organizations endeavor to separate their items from rivals it is right around an outlandish errand. Restorative items are effectively substitutable so cost turns into the more huge factor. An expansive center cost minimization technique is the one I would suggest for Revlon, there are some potential dangers. With respect to any organization, presenting new product offerings can be an all in or all out. Revlon had as of late presented a product offering considered Vital Radiance that was pointed towards more established w omen.The new line was not fruitful and was in the end suspended, however not without taking misfortunes. I trust Revlon should keep on utilizing a similar methodology, they simply need to ensure enough research is done before acquainting new items with limit the odds of disappointment. Serious Profile Matrix Revlon Estee Lauder Avon Critical Success Factors| weight| Rating| Score| Rating| Score| Rating| Score| 1. Monetary Position| 0. 3| 2| 0. 6| 3| 0. 9| 4| 1. 2| 2. Brand Recognition| 0. 1| 4| 0. 4| 3| 0. 3| 0. 3| 3. Market Share| 0. 35| 3| 1. 05| 4| 1. 4| 1. 4| 4. Worldwide Expansion| 0. 15| 3| 0. 45| 3| 0. 5| 4| 0. 6| 5. Marketing| 0. 1| 4| 0. 4| 3| 0. 3| 0. 3| Total| 1| | 2. 9| | 3. 35| | 3. 8| Out of the three organizations, Revlon is in the most exceedingly awful position. While Revlon excels in promoting, the sum spent on publicizing

Crime and Punishment: Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov Essay -- conflict,

All through the novel of Crime and Punishment, and any work of fiction at that, the characters show explicit character characteristics that direct their make-ups, social cooperations and practices. These portrayals control the general improvement of the story. Characters’ characters assume an essential job in breaking down and understanding character improvement just as hidden subjects, particularly in the current novel. In particular, the focal character Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov delineates the contention among great and wickedness in one’s character. Raskolnikov’s character struggle is so extraordinary in duality that he can be recognized as both the hero and opponent of this story. Starting here comes the subject of to what degree does the character struggle of Raskolnikov direct his convictions, activities and hence add to in general plot improvement? Due to Raskolnikov’s conflicting nature, he shows extraordinary degrees of vanity and self-retention close by frenzy and anguish. These angles lead him to perpetrate intolerable criminal activities which genuinely and sincerely hurt others. At last, he submits the best harm to himself through a plummet into franticness which he repudiates. Raskolnikov’s character can be summarized by the significance of â€Å"Raskol† in Russian which means â€Å"split†. Raskolnikov embodies an individual showing direct opposite in the two his activities and musings. The creator Fyodor Dostoevsky additionally consolidates imagery of the number two all through the story to additionally mean this duality of character. Models incorporate Raskolnikov not eating for two days, two kids being spared from a consuming house, and two entryways and two yards at the place of the pawnbroker Alyona Ivanovna, wh... ...ntually express regret for his wrongdoing. Raskolnikov's double character additionally is the essential power which drives the plot of this novel. The activity and occasions happen because of the character’s character driver. At the point when the focal point of his inside character is egocentric, the outside activity mirrors this perspective. His interior assessment of awareness drives the plot to moving toward that path. The plot of Crime and Punishment is by all accounts an outer mirror which mirrors the nonstop inward clash of Raskolnikov's double character. Works Cited Rodion Romanovitch Raskolnikov. Shmoop. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2014. . Swinson, Stephanie. Intentions in Murder in Crime and Punishment. Watermarks 2002. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. .

Cloud Computing Opportunities and Strategyâ€MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Cloud Computing for Opportunities and Strategy. Answer: Presentation Distributed computing is something that each organization is attempting to get their hands on and furthermore attempting to actualize it on their framework with the goal that they can work all the more effectively and this will help in carrying out their responsibility all the more without any problem. Distributed computing likewise helps in introducing their information in a progressively exceptional and legitimate manner. This encourages their representatives to work considerably quicker and with this, they can spare their information and can likewise get to their information from any piece of the world. Sharing of data is likewise very simple as the contrary party simply needs to download the records (Almorsy, Grundy Mller 2016). The accompanying article talks about the utilization of distributed computing and how SoftArc is executing it in their own organization and it features the focuses that the organization needs to consider before actualizing it. Getting to the documents is conceivable from anyplace and whenever. Mix with past arrangements should exist. Significant advantages and issues in regards to utilizing office computerization This element is a lot of required for the structural specialists likewise with this element empowered they can get their data with no postponements from the records that they previously transferred or made. After production of their arrangement, they should simply to transfer the document and they can impart this record to anybody over the world and the greatest simplicity of having this is they don't need to convey every one of these documents with them unsurpassed (Almorsy, Grundy Mller 2016). With this, data can be shared additionally promptly. Another component is that it ought to be all around incorporated with all the past arrangements so the designers can get return to their past arrangements. Regardless of whether they have to roll out certain improvements to their answers and survey it back, it ought to be accessible to the specialists. In the event that it isn't incorporated, at that point the architects need to make the entire arrangement or arrangement from the scratch which take a mess of time and this will put a money related weight over the organization as well (Hashizume et al. 2013). Office Automation is a lot of proper for the structural specialists as this is completely cloud based which encourages them to spare their documents over the cloud and they can get to it from anyplace. It ought to have the option to give full security to the clients with the goal that the document doesn't get taken and furthermore clients ought to have the option to effortlessly get to these records. Various kinds of Service Providers Cloud Hosting Servers are the servers which are essentially given by the specialist co-ops and it is for the most part worked from other foundation which is constrained by an outsider. In this, they are mindful to make any kind of changes or cause an update to the framework so the clients to can utilize them effortlessly though in Locally Hosted Servers, it is a set up that is made by the organization itself inside their reason (Hashizume et al. 2013). For this to make occur, the organization need to introduce everything that is required for the cloud arrangement and if any future update comes, they have to introduce it from the earliest starting point. There are sure advantages and favorable position of utilizing Locally Hosted Servers and Cloud Based Servers which are: Security turns into the greatest worries for any association as their primary objective is to defend their organization data from the intrusive eyes. For this, privately facilitated servers are viewed as the best similarly as with this the organization can deal with their information and the information stays inside the framework just and the organization can likewise even screen who is investigating their information and who is attempting to get to those information. This is beyond the realm of imagination with the cloud based servers as in this, all the information is in a dispersed structure and the information is out in the open so it very well may be seen by anybody (Hashizume et al. 2013). With this, the organization has no power over their information. The second thing that any organization sees is the Accessibility and for this, cloud based servers are viewed as the best as they are a lot of unrivaled and they help in upgrading the information and it likewise helps in enormously improving the capacity with the goal that clients can connect with their information (Othman, Madani Khan 2014). It is likewise very helpful when there is a need to look for a specific information and this component is beyond the realm of imagination with the servers which are introduced locally inside the association. Cost is the third factor that an organization needs to consider while picking the cloud innovation and for this Cloud based Servers are the best as it is now introduced so there is no additional expense for establishment and if there should be an occurrence of privately facilitated server, the organization needs to set up the entire framework inside their association and it requires upkeep likewise time to time which isn't the situation for cloud based servers (Sanaei et al. 2014). Another issue is that on the off chance that there is any update, at that point the organization need not to stress over introducing it as it is absolutely over the specialist co-ops to introduce the updates however in the event of privately facilitated servers, the organization needs to introduce the updates from their own and by doing so they have to refresh the entire framework from the earliest starting point and by doing as such there may be a few information misfortune (Wei et al. 2014). Factors should be taken consideration by SoftArc There are different components that SoftArc needs to consider while moving to cloud specialist organizations with the assistance of IaaS. Area is the primary thing that the organization needs to consider as it is significant for the organization to manage consumer loyalty so they ought to pick a specialist co-op whose server farm is near clients so they can lessen the inactivity and they can manage their clients all the more proficiently and become more acquainted with additional from them (Sadiku, Musa Momoh 2014). Programming interface is the second thing that the organization needs to check with their specialist co-ops and they ought to select the specialist organizations which is having solid API on the grounds that having solid API will assist the organization with controlling each part of the cloud and furthermore having solid API will let the organization to regard the entire framework as a code (Sanaei et al. 2014). Auto-Scaling is the following thing that the organization ought to organize while picking their specialist co-ops as this will assist them with having less deviation with regards to traffic and this likewise helps in keeping up the heap balance. It additionally helps in breaking down and checking the in general of the organization by keeping a nearby watch on any approaching traffic. The exact opposite thing that the organization needs to consider is the Architecture as the organization should be in steady correspondence with various servers and every one of these interchanges ought to be kept up well secure (Sadiku, Musa Momoh 2014). Fundamental distinction between IaaS, SaaS and PaaS Stage as a Service (PaaS) is considered the most minimal of each of the three realized cloud administrations and it is fundamentally utilized for programming improvement and organization. It is commonly a server side application and aides in giving a workplace where all the product related things, for example, establishment, overseeing and up-degree of the product happens (Hashem et al. 2015). It is additionally valuable with regards to decreasing the expense of the authorizing programming. It additionally helps in virtualization which gives an away from about the turn of events and organization of the product (Sadiku, Musa Momoh 2014). Programming as a Service (SaaS) fundamentally works over the old customer model of programming where the internet browsers are given the entrance to communicate with the servers. It is the most widely recognized type of administration that is at present accessible for the clients by the specialist organizations. While utilizing SaaS, outsiders are given the duty with the improvement of the product (Di Spaltro, Polvi Welliver 2016). The principle bit of leeway of utilizing SaaS is that it helps in lessening the expense for the improvement of the product that incorporates establishment, overseeing and overhauling the product and furthermore it helps in decreasing the expense for authorizing the product (Arora, Parashar Transforming 2013). Framework as a Service (IaaS) is considered to the highest point of the administration that is right now accessible. It basically involves robotized and adaptable assets which comes in worked with the distributed storage and system office and is promptly accessible to the clients on request. The primary favorable position of utilizing IaaS is that with this, customers can legitimately get to these servers and capacity. It additionally helps in virtualization by making a Virtual Data Center. IaaS is additionally adaptable in nature and it likewise helps in organization of robotized servers, handling force, stockpiling and furthermore assists with systems administration (Arora, Parashar Transforming 2013). It likewise helps in web scale organizations and furthermore assists with SaaS and PaaS. SharePoint utilizing Cloud Services SaaS and PaaS are viewed as the suitable cloud administrations with regards to SharePoint as it an online application so with the assistance of SaaS, it can offer access to the internet browsers which will assist them with running it on the servers. It additionally helps in programming advancement and organization and furthermore helps in diminishing the expense while playing out those activities. PaaS helps in creating applications on the SharePoint (Bahrami Singhal 2015). Being a web administration makes the experience considerably increasingly lovely. There are different issues while actualizing these administrations. The first is that the client needs a web association constantly while working with these administrations as there is no alternative for disconnected working. Prior to picking any specialist co-op, they should ensure that the specialist organization is giving fast web availability. The second large issue is of information risk as on utilizing cloud based servers, the information is out in the open and anybody can see this data. So to maintain a strategic distance from this issue, the specialist organizations should attempt to encode these information constantly (Garg, Versteeg Buyya 2013). Utilizing cloud based servers additionally removes the control from the organization to screen their information so before picking any cloud based servers, they ought to do a profound re

Tips For Reading When Youre Laid Up

Tips For Reading When Youre Laid Up In her essay On Being Ill, Virginia Woolf writes about the ways   illness changes a persons perspective, and occasionally improves it. we cease to be soldiers in the army of the upright; we become deserters. They march to battle. We float with the sticks on the stream; helter skelter with the dead leaves on the lawn, irresponsible and disinterested and able, perhaps for the first time for years, to look round, to look upâ€"to look, for example, at the sky. Illness, or recovery from it, can do the same for a persons reading habits. If youre ill, you might read more or less. You might not want to be able to read the genres you normally read. You might be a normally-prolific reader who is unable to read at all. And all of that is fine. A few weeks ago, I went into the hospital for surgery. My recovery has been longer than I expected, and Ive found myself in bed, unable to do much of anything, for long periods of time. Im normally the sort of person who cant sit still, so being stuck in bed has changed my perspective quite a bit, and it has changed my reading habits. I read more, listen to audiobooks less, and there are certain stories I just cant read. If youre bedridden â€" if youre going into a hospital for surgery, or if youre sick with something thats keeping you in bed for a long time â€" here are five tips for managing your reading (and your expectations about your reading) that I wish someone had shared with me. 1.) It helps to be prepared. While you might not be able to prep for an illness, there are some things you can do if you suspect youre going to be sick for a while. Pile your books at the side of your bed, away from wherever your food, drink and meds are going to be. Have a few books there, because you never know what youre going to want to read, and make sure you have enough bookmarks as well. This goes for the hospital, too. Even if youre dont think youre going to be staying overnight, pack a little reading care package for yourself. Bring your books, or charge your device and bring it with you. Because nothing sucks harder than lying in a dark room all night with no reading material, and while the nurses station stocks those awesome slipper socks, as far as I know, they dont keep a pile of bookmarks. (Pro tip: if youre bringing a book to the hospital and you have a booklight, bring it. Turning on those hospital room lights is an epic quest when youre hooked up to an IV, and also, you dont want to irritate your roommate.) 2.) Accept it when you cant read. Some of us (myself included) get competitive about reading. Oh, Im going to be lying down for a week? Great. Ill read my whole TBR shelf. Yeah, no. My first night in the hospital, I tried to read The Martian. I got as far as the first line (Which is, upliftingly, Im pretty much fucked.) before I fell asleep. Sometimes you just cant read. Sometimes reading is a lot of effort, and all you can do is stare at the TV or the wall, and thats okay. Flowers are lovely but my husband knows what get well gift I really want. #books A post shared by A.J. OConnell (@annjoc) on Mar 24, 2016 at 12:19pm PDT 3.) Accept that your reading habits will change. You might be in pain. You might be on drugs. Youre not moving around.   Your ability to read print might be compromised and you might listen to audiobooks. Or, you might be one of those people who listens to audiobooks during activities, and while youre laid up you might abandon Audible in favor of print. 4.) You might change what youre reading. I decided my recovery would be the perfect time to finally read World War Z. You know what? It turns out that reading about a zombie virus while bedridden wasnt my best idea ever. I ended up propped up in bed, with all the curtains open, so I could monitor all approaches to our home. Whoops. Sometimes illness makes certain genres or topics less appealing. For example you might be under enough stress already, and not want to read a nail-biter of a thriller. You might want to read escapist novels. You might want to read more about illness, or avoid reading about it altogether. (Woolf, who liked poetry when she was sick, has a quote about that too: Illness makes us disinclined for the long campaigns that prose exacts.) 5.) Your health comes before your TBR pile. You do not have to read non-stop simply because youre lying in bed. You dont have to stay up all night to finish that book when youre recovering. Please dont judge yourself for choosing TV instead of a book when youre sick. Your health is your priority, and if reading more is a byproduct of that, excellent.

Irony in Crime and Punishment - Literature Essay Samples

The primary conflict in Crime and Punishment is the internal development of Raskolnikovs character. In Raskolnikovs mind are two contrasting personalities, each demanding control over him. One side, brought out by poverty and egoism, is the murderer who kills the pawnbroker. The other side, inspired by the love of others and his inner goodness, is his benevolent conscience which desires to help those around him. The conflict rages on throughout the whole novel, and in the end Raskolnikovs good side wins over as he accepts his guilt, admits to his wrongness, and turns his life over to Sonia and God. In Crime and Punishment, Dostoevsky attempts to portray the complexity of Raskolnikovs mental evolution. A primary vehicle for this task is his use of the literary device irony. Irony is the contrast between what is said and what is meant, or what happens and what is expected to happen. In verbal irony, characters say the opposite of what they mean. In situational irony, the unexpected hap pens. Crime and Punishment is abundant with both verbal and situational irony, as it instigates the critical turning points of Raskolnikovs development, and thus allow Dostoevsky to convey his message that even a murderer can be reformed and purified through guilt and the unconditional love of others. Irony is first used in the ramblings of Marmeladov. Marmeledov says, Crucify me oh judgeHe is the OneHe will forgive my Sonia. This statement is ironic, because Marmeladov, despite being a drunk, introduces a primary Christian message of the novel. He also explains the irony of his daughter Sonia. Although she is a prostitute, something considered rather base, she will be forgiven by God for she is a very holy person and the epitome of innocence and purity in the novel. These two concepts are vital to the transformation of Raskolnikov later in the novel. They also convey Dostoevskys strong belief in Christianity, and they reveal his value system towards certain humans. Situational iro ny first becomes a key device in Raskolnikovs plot to murder the pawnbroker. Raskolnikov vacillates over his decision. One minute he tells himself, I would like to attempt a thing like that. After saying this, he turns around and says, I knew I could never bring myself to it. Raskolnikov is clearly wavering between whether or not to commit the murder. However, his indecisiveness is eliminated by the occurrence of two ironic events. First, immediately after his dream when he states, My God! I couldnt bring myself to do itI couldnt do itI couldnt do it! he overhears Lizaveta saying, At seven oclock tomorrowIll come (to the apartment) This ironic twist of fate makes the murder of the pawnbroker the next day ideal, as her sister Lizaveta would be away at seven o clock, and the old lady would be left alone. Raskolnikov decides this is a golden opportunity, revealing a substantial change of attitude in Raskolnikov, beginning the development of his dark character. Next, Raskolnikov overhea rs a man at the bar say, I could kill that damned old woman and make off with her money, I assure you, without the faintest conscience-prick. This ironic statement startles Raskolnikov, as he had the very same idea. It provides another justification for the murder, as Raskolnikov believes the crime will benefit others. This ironic event is key to Raskolnikovs development as it has an immense influence on him in his later action. These ironic events allow Raskolnikov to commit the murder of the pawnbroker and begin his lengthy journey of conversion. Irony is apparent in the early stages of Raskolnikovs guilt. First, situational irony occurs when Raskolnikov is in the pawnbrokers apartment, and he hears someone knock on the door and say, Are they asleep or are they murdered? This arouses panic in Raskolnikov and instigates his guilt. A similar instance occurs when Raskolnikov receives a summons to the police office. Immediately Raskolnikov panics and suffers from extreme guilt. He do es not suffer remorse because he believes his murder was wrong, but because he did not commit it perfectly. The summons is ironic because it is not for the murder but because Raskolnikov is a fine bird who did not pay debts. When Raskolnikov discovers this, he is overcome with relief and reassurance that his murder was justified. This ironic event reveals the extreme mental disorder of Raskolnikov. More importantly, the guilt Raskolnikov suffers is suffered by his egotistical, cold side, and the guilt is eliminated when he realizes he is not caught. This form of guilt reoccurs throughout the book until the very end, supporting Dostoevskys message that guilt is not constructive until the benevolent side feels it for being wrong. Dostoevsky uses the ironic discussion between Raskolnikov and Zametov to reveal Raskolnikovs duality and also the mental illness brought about by crime. In the bar, after asking Zametov insane questions regarding the murder, Raskolnikov asks him, And what if it was I who murdered the old woman? This is ironic because Zametov has no clue that Raskolnikov committed the murder, and now Raskolnikov risks being caught to release his information. Dostoevsky uses this irony to show that guilt is causing great pain in Raskolnikov, creating the need to confess in him. This also strengthens the battle of duality within Raskolnikov and creates huge suspense for the end of the novel. Another important ironic event is Nikolays confession of the murder. Porifry is battling Raskolnikov and has him on the verge of confessing when Nikolay bursts in the room and shouts, I am guilty I am the murderer! Dostoevsky thus creates suspense and allows Raskolnikov time to prepare for his confession by talking with Dounia and Sonia. Otherwise, Raskolnikov would have confessed and would never have been reformed. Also, Raskolnikov shows no guilt for Nikolays confession, further revealing the domination of the evil side of Raskolnikov. Irony is present in the conv ersation between Sonia and Raskolnikov in Part Four, Chapter Four. In this scene Raskolnikov verbally attacks Sonia for her religious beliefs, calling her crazy, suggesting suicide, and stating, But perhaps there is no God at all. This example of verbal irony shows that Raskolnikov is deeply troubled, as earlier he decided against suicide, and he is usually characterized as crazy. However, he is intrigued at her strong believes and begins to ask her about the killing of the pawnbroker and Lizaveta. He explains to her that he has broken with (his family) completely. This dramatic irony confuses Sonia, for she is unaware that Raskolnikov is the killer. However, it is used by Dostoevsky to allow Raskolnikov to realize that Sonia is a forgiving person and develop and interest in Sonias religion. This leads to Raskolnikovs confession and also to his conversion to Christianity. Next, Dostoevsky uses irony in Svidriagaiolovs description of his love for Dounia to reveal his message that co mpanionship is an important aspect of life. Svidrigailov explains his love for Dounia, and ironically his description parallels Raskolnikovs relationship with Sonia. The difference between Svidriagailovs relationship with Dounia and Raskolnikovs relationship with Sonia is that Dounia is repulsed by Svidrigailov. As a result, Svidriagailov commits suicide, dying abandoned and alone, while Raskolnikov lives. If Dounia loved Svidriagailov, he would not have committed suicide. Likewise, if Sonia abandoned Raskolnikov, he would have killed himself. This contrast in resolutions show that companionship can be a deciding factor in ones life, and that the love of others is vital. Irony plays a tremendous role in the resolution of Raskolnikovs confession. As he walks to the police department to confess, he hears that Svidrigailov has shot himself. Svidrigailov was the only person who knew of Raskolnikovs crime, so now Raskolnikov could walk away and be home free. His dark side forces him to t urn away from the police department, only to see Sonia standing at the door. Raskolnikov then turns around and confesses, showing the dominance of his kind, warm side which needs Sonias love. However, the conflict between Raskolnikovs duality is not over, as he confesses only for Sonia, and not because he believes what he did was wrong. Despite this, the confession is a huge step towards Raskolnikovs conversion. Raskolnikov is then sentenced for only seven years, due to an ironic conviction based on his abnormal mental condition, and his term in Siberia, where the most critical turning point of the novel occurs. Raskolnikov is bitter in jail, tortured by the others for his disbelief in God, and rude to Sounia when she would visit. Ironically, Raskolnikovs attitude shifts when he dreams of a world that was condemned to a terrible new strange plague, caused by everyone believing his theory was right. This idea represented Raskolnikovs believing his theory was right, and it awakened h im to the wrongness of it. Finally, the caring, good side of Raskolnikov defeats his evil side, as he turns to a life of Christianity with Sonia. Dostoevsky also uses this ironic dream to criticize abstract theories and their devastating affects. Crime and Punishment is the story of the battle between Raskolnikovs intellectual arrogance and his conscience. He constantly attempts to run from his conscience but he cant escape it. Ironic events force Raskolnikov to face the conflict and ultimately decide his destiny. Dostoevsky uses this device to explain the complex conflict raging within Raskolnikov, and in turn to reveal his message about mankind: that anyone through the acceptance of guilt and suffering can be reformed. Although Raskolnikov commits murder, through his guilt and the love of others towards him, he is saved.

Essay on Use of the Bird Motif in Invisible Man - 2374 Words

Use of the Bird Motif in Invisible Man Abstract: According to A Handbook to Literature, motif refers to a recurrent repetition of some word, phrase, situation, or idea, such as tends to unify a work through its power to recall earlier occurrences (264). One such type of motif which has seemed to receive less critical attention is Ellisons treatment of birds. Hence, my aim in this essay is to examine the references to birds in Invisible Man, attempting to show how Ellison uses the image of the bird to symbolize various forms of entrapment. In a 1965 interview, when asked his view on the role of the novelist, Ralph Ellison stated the following: I think that the good novelist tries to provide his reader†¦show more content†¦After the debut of Invisible Man in 1952, one reviewer wrote: This is an angry book filled with symbolism which confuses as well as expands its meaning beyond its apparent depth (Byam 284). According to A Handbook to Literature, motif refers to a recurrent repetition of some word, phrase, situation, or idea, such as tends to unify a work through its power to recall earlier occurrences (264). One such type of motif which has seemed to receive less critical attention is Ellisons treatment of birds. Hence, my aim in this essay is to examine the references to birds in Invisible Man, attempting to show how Ellison uses the image of the bird to symbolize various forms of entrapment. In Chapter 1 of Invisible Man, Ellisons unnamed protagonist relates the Battle Royal scene. The narrator describes the white female dancer, saying She seemed like a fair bird-girl girdled in veils calling to me from the angry surface of some gray and threatening sea (Ellison 19). With this metaphor Ellison suggests the lure that the white female represents to the young black boy. In Chapter 2, Ellison builds on the ornithological leitmotif, as the narrator contrasts the rather pastoral college campus How the grass turned green in the springtime and how mocking birds fluttered their tails and sang (34), with the nearby road to the insane asylum, which asShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis: Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesEllison’s Invisible Man, we are presented with an unnamed narrator whose values and potentials are invisible to the world around him. Throughout the entirety of the novel, we see the unnamed narrator, also known as the Invisible Man, struggle in an attempt to uncover his identity buried beneath African American oppression and an aggregation of deception. Ellison shows us how lies and deceit may serve as a grave but invaluable obstacle to one’s journey to find their identity. 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